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I, Robot

I, Robot post image

There is nothing like investing when it comes to exposing yourself as a weak-minded gimboid.

I know all about buying stocks low and selling high. I understand the rationale behind Warren Buffett’s aphorism, “be fearful when others are greedy and greedy when others are fearful.”

Yet when my portfolio hits red, I fret. And when my return numbers glow green, I feel the pleasure centres in my brain light up like Vegas.

The uptick in fortune means it will cost me more every time I buy additional equities, of course. But hang the expense, I want to be a part of this now! The party’s on and I need to get my snout in the trough, quick.

I know this because despite being a good passive investor who pound-cost averages and rebalances annually, I am not an entirely mechanical man.

And oh, the flesh is weak.

Only flesh and blood

You see I long allowed myself a measure of freedom when investing – a certain amount of money to put into the market every year that wasn’t dictated by the calendar.

Don’t get me wrong. This was never a gambler’s float, used to punt on some company that’s rumoured to be on the verge of discovering cancer-curing jam.

I invested my discretionary dollop in index trackers. However I was free to do so whenever I wished.

Sounds good? The snag is that in reality I struggled to take the plunge when the market did. I wasn’t always been brave enough to blow my ammo when equities were relatively cheap. I held on and on until the upswings, and then I got less for my money.

Oh I had my excuses. Especially when I hadn’t yet escaped the rat race, and so was still subject to the whims of The Man as well as Mr Market.

Impure instinct

Especially before full-strength financial independence had my back, my brain was always on hand with self-justifications to reassure me that reason was actually in control, not instinct:

  • I was worried about my job.
  • My company was restructuring.
  • My monthly drip-feed was already casting cash into the cavernous cake hole of the capital markets.
  • “I better not throw in any more in case I’m axed! I’ll need every penny.”

The reality was that the overweening fear of loss was in charge.

What these optional investing side quests actually taught me was I am just one of the herd. A member of the cattle class.

I’m not special. I react and feel like everyone else who makes up the statistics that show this sort of irrational behaviour can cost investors dear.

Gorilla warfare

The truth is it takes willpower to overcome the apeman within, and there’s some evidence that willpower is in limited supply for all of us. We can’t bank on having enough in reserve when we need it.

This in turn means the fewer decisions that are left up to my meat-bag of a brain, the better.

Passive investing would be much easier if we could program a robot to handle it all for us and to physically prevent our continued interference, like some benevolent Dalek with a taser.

Perhaps the AI revolution will give us all the cold-blooded reptilian investing agent of our dreams?

Once it’s emerged from the primordial slop, I mean.

Well, perhaps. But until we can trust an agent to run our portfolio without it going rogue and selling the house to bet everything on pork futures, it’s up to us to manage our all-too-fallible frontal lobes.

Don’t just do something

Back when I still stacking my escape-stash, automatic investing droids were nowhere to be seen. So instead I automated as much of the investing process as possible.

You see, the one human behaviour that always worked for me is inertia.

  • I never messed with the direct debit that funnelled money out of my bank account and into my broker’s.
  • I kept hands-off the regular investment scheme that piped cash straight to my chosen funds.
  • I dared not touch lock-in wrappers like ISAs, pensions, and fixed-term bank accounts, where a cost is imposed for premature evacuation.

Inertia is the great human pacifier. It’s a force that’s more powerful than fear in my world – especially if the fear is something intangible, like an investing loss.

Eliminate all carbon units

There are other weak points where human intervention can easily scupper the best plans.

For instance, you might fiddle with asset allocation every time you choose the next fund to buy. And, boy, what mischief you can get up to when it’s time to rebalance…

“Sell those lovely equities to buy more bloody bonds. In this market?!”

Putting my investing on rails did help me to resist the urge to keep thrashing my winners.

But it sometimes also took a stiffening of resolve, and a quick prayer of deliverance to the passive investing gods.

Older and colder

Since I declared myself FIRE – and declared to my bosses where they could shove The Accumulator’s Personal Growth and Development Plan V4.6 – I’ve found it easier to leave my portfolio to do its thing.

I suppose the same fully-funded sangfroid that enables me to do some work on the side without getting sucked back into the office is also helping me to ignore the market noise.

Have I then reached some state of investing transcendence?

Doubtful. So far so good, but I’m regularly tested and I’m still only a passive investor.

I stayed the course during the Covid crash, true, and I learned more than I lamented during the recent bond-a-geddon.

But who knows how a real humdinger of a bear market would hit me?

Better to stay humble and self-aware.

Automatic for the people

If you recognise these frailties in yourself, then there are various tools you could explore to take the human edge off – from automatic investment plans at online brokers, to all-in-one personal finance apps that limit your investing choices but also your horizons.

They can still be enablers when it comes to self-destructive fiddling, though. And they can be relatively expensive.

These days there’s a lot of talk that AI agents will soon do everything for us. In theory it sounds like automatic investing nirvana. But when you think about how obsequious the typical chatbot is, would you really trust one not to egg on your worst impulses?

Besides, from what I can see AI is so far mostly being deployed to tempt investors off the rational path.

All-in-one not one-for-all

Perhaps the closest proxy for a truly hands-off investing robot is a good multi-asset fund.

Made popular in the UK by Vanguard’s LifeStrategy products, a multi-asset fund is an index-tracking, fund-of-funds with built-in rebalancing features – truly automatic investing.

All you need do is pick the asset allocation of your choice, set-up a direct debit to keep it oiled, and then let the program run.

With this sort of investing the human being is taken off the table – which is the point of the exercise after all – and everything is left to the robot. No more pesky emotions.

Of course, you might eventually start to worry that your multi-asset fund hasn’t got all the assets you want. Not in the right doses, anyway.

Perhaps you’re being greedy or fearful, or perhaps you’ve become better informed. Humans are not incapable of judgement, after all. It’s the rash decisions we want to tamp down, not the strategic thinking.

At least with your investing machine whirring away in the background, you can take time to explore your options with the serenity of a wannabe Cyborg Buffett.

Batteries not included.

Take it steady,

The Accumulator

{ 37 comments… add one }
  • 1 Dylantherabbit May 8, 2012, 2:16 pm

    A very good system. Out of interest which Vanguard LS fund would you go for? I think the LS funds are a great product and am looking at investing in either the 60 or 80% funds. I was even hinking of putting half my money in the 100% equity fund and the other half in the Global Bond fund.

  • 2 Kurt @ Money Counselor May 8, 2012, 3:11 pm

    Nice to know others have the same foibles from which I suffer! The hardest part of investing is separating emotion from intellect, I think. I can’t do it, and have realized (in retrospect) that even when I think I’m doing it, I’m not. The only answer for me is passive all the way…

  • 3 uhm May 8, 2012, 4:16 pm

    I can’t think of a better way myself – after all, do you really want to live what life you have outside work trying to pick shares, funds, ETF’s, IT’s, bonds….really?? I’ve gone with 60% equity fund, but still have well over half in the latter stuff. I’m gradually switching it all over to Vanguard Life Strategy but even then I’m trying to be clever and time the market, waiting for the other stuff to rise before switching, knowing full well that the Vanguard fund will rise in tandem with the other stuff so negating the whole point of waiting to switch! But that’s human intervention for you!

  • 4 Juan May 8, 2012, 5:42 pm

    95% of my fears relate to bank defaults, sneak comision rises and fund mismanagements

    4% of my fears relate with eBanking safety

    1% of my fears (or less) relate to market volatility or finantial crisis

    I think I might be a ‘natural’ passive investor.

    Greetings from Spain, excellent blog!

  • 5 Dylantherabbit May 8, 2012, 6:15 pm

    @ uhm
    I have quite a lot in FTSE trackers, about a third of my holdings and the rest is in various shares. I am thinking of slowly moving the shares into Vanguard LS funds through Alliance. I am happy to take plenty of risk so am thinking of the 80% LS fund.

  • 6 John H, Kidsgrove May 8, 2012, 6:24 pm

    A good reminder which I’m sure will resonate with many investors. Maybe the key to success is to know your own weaknesses and to allow for these within your overall strategy.

  • 7 Adam May 8, 2012, 10:19 pm

    Did anyone ever get to the bottom of whether III are selling the Vanguard Life Strategy funds? It actual comes up in list of funds I can add to my ISA portfolio.

    http://www.iii.co.uk/investing/factsheet/ACDW

  • 8 Davy Jones May 8, 2012, 10:29 pm

    Mr Kidsgrove , you are right..nobody can be great in all things , if it worries a person to the point of sickness..perhaps they need to change their paradigm or continue to the extent that is livable for themselves.

    We can never take financial advice properly until we have a fuller understanding ourselves of what the possible outcomes are & this is all part of the continual learning process.

    Accumulator , i agree that inertia combined with perseverance works providing that the map you are using is over time helping you to achieve the result you are personally after.

  • 9 Julie May 9, 2012, 10:39 am

    Thanks for sharing your thoughts on the challenges of investing. Sticking with “buy low, sell high” seems simple, but in reality it can be very challenging when markets swing!

    – Julie, social media manager at Nutmeg, a new UK-based online investment manager (launching soon!).

  • 10 ermine May 9, 2012, 2:05 pm

    @Adam

    No. I’ve just tried to buy ACDT (80% flavour) and ACDV (100% version) and it says

    “this instrument is not currently tradable within an ISA”

    So still SOL on that one on iii. Interesting development in that it’s visible, though 🙂

  • 11 westy22 May 9, 2012, 4:45 pm

    @ ermine

    You can now buy these with iii in a Trading Account but not in an ISA for some reason. These Vanguard funds have only come onto the iii site in the past few days.

  • 12 ermine May 9, 2012, 5:25 pm

    @westy22 Excellent, sounds like there’s some progress happening then.
    I didn’t really like the chancers and con-artists of ISA providers that went with the original Vanguard article here. I don’t think there’s any call for a yearly holding fee or a charge to get your cash out of the ISA, though I’m quite happy to pay a trading charge.

    Hope RDR doesn’t mean iii is going to go fees-crazy like HL 😉

  • 13 The Investor May 9, 2012, 6:55 pm

    @All — Last we heard, they were visible but not investable: http://monevator.com/hargreaves-lansdown-vanguard-funds/comment-page-1/#comment-155277

    A good way to try to ensure the comments stay on thread is to use the ‘discuss’ tab at the top right of the site, which shows latest comments and so turns comments into a pseudo-message forum board:

    http://monevator.com/discuss/

    I appreciate that’s not perfect, but The Accumulator and I check latest comments regularly, and so do at least some of the regular readers. 🙂

    Perhaps we should move the iii inquisition to that thread and leave this one to comments about our imminent robot masters. 🙂

  • 14 The Accumulator May 9, 2012, 8:06 pm

    @ Uhm – that’s hilarious that you think of ways to game the system even though you rationally know it makes no difference. I do the same thing. Somehow it’s comforting to think I have more control than I really do.

    @ Dylan – 50:50, eh? The ol’ Benjamin Graham portfolio.

  • 15 Simon May 9, 2012, 9:00 pm

    Accumulator,

    If you were unsure about investing money because…
    ■I was worried about my job.
    ■My company was restructuring.
    ■I better not throw in anymore in case I’m axed – then I’ll need every penny.

    Then your personal cash reserve (or “war chest” as I prefer to call it) is not big enough for your risk tollerance. Increase your reserve and you’ll not be worried that…
    ■My monthly drip-feed was already casting cash into the cavernous cakehole of the capital markets.

    Instead you’ll enjoy buying shares/funds on sale.

    Aside: It’s quiet easy to get > 3% in an instant access cash ISA at the moment and it is POSSIBLE that will out-perform your investments in the SHORT to MEDIUM term. So increasing your reserve while life is less certain MAY not damage your long term wealth as you can move cash to investments later when life is more stable. In my mind this is timing life (in a similar way to matching bond allocation to age) and is NOT timing the market. The former is sensible, the later less so (for me at least).

  • 16 Davy Jones May 10, 2012, 1:38 am

    Just to add an interesting excerpt.

    Efficient Markets Hypothesis only appears to match small standard deviations of 3 %.

    As soon as you move out of that range , random walk begins falling apart..as it predicts larger deviations over excessively longer timescales which doesn’t bare out to actual market data.

    The conclusion appears to be that wide market one day swings are in fact normal & can be clumped together in a shorter duration of years.

  • 17 Alex May 10, 2012, 9:51 am

    ‘The Accumulator’… aka Jack Bogle? 🙂

  • 18 The Accumulator May 10, 2012, 8:11 pm

    @ Simon – Sadly your cool logic is a flimsy defence when a fevered brain is working overtime. The point I was really trying to make was that even though I’m pretty much a text-book passive investor, emotion and our capacity to post-rationalise are dangerous foes. Just admitting that can be a major step towards learning from the experience and fixing it. Partly the post was confessional, partly I wanted to find out if my experiences chimed with any of my fellow investors. My war-chest easily covers my needs, my real problem at the time was throwing extra money into a down market, even though I know I’m getting assets cheap. This is instinct not reason talking in these situations. My monthly drip-feed was going into the market (inertia is powerful) but I wasn’t strong enough to take the punt with my discretionary funds.

    I agree with you that if life circumstances change then you should review your strategy. My circumstances hadn’t changed, so running into cash would have been market timing. Happily that didn’t happen. I don’t count a market downturn as reason for me to ‘time life’ as you aptly put it.

    @ Davy Jones – yes, the reality certainly looks a little different from all those compound interest graphs that smoothly climb to the top of Mount Money.

    @ Alex – That would certainly be a shock for Mrs Accumulator.

  • 19 The Rhino June 27, 2017, 10:58 am

    for updated posts would it be possible to put a diff of the update and original on the end of the comments?

  • 20 The Investor June 27, 2017, 11:14 am

    @The Rhino — What do you mean a “diff”?

  • 21 The Rhino June 27, 2017, 11:27 am

    @TI – your a software engineer, you know what a diff is: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diff_utility

    just some means of letting the reader know whats changed really..

  • 22 The Investor June 27, 2017, 11:53 am

    @TheRhino — Cheers for the explanation. Yeah, I realized afterwards that’s probably what you meant (I haven’t coded for many years!) but it still seems more appropriate to write in English for all the human beings out there. 🙂

    I can see why you’d ask for it and the logic but there’s no easy way to do it, I’m afraid. In this case it wouldn’t reveal much, anyway. Mostly we just tweaked a few words because The Accumulator is older than when it was first posted now, and has a much longer investing record, and I updated some links.

    The post is 5+ years old so the percentage of readers who have both read it and remembered reading it is going to be very small. Especially as our audience was quite a bit smaller back in 2012. That’s one reason why I like re-publishing them. (The main reason of course is as a stopgap until @TA’s book is finally finished.)

    For something like the Broker’s Table it’d be more useful, but I’d much rather put effort in other directions if we had time/resource on that, too. (Such as it always being live or offering dynamic calculations, for example — a project that has twice got close to going live but that I’ve had to pull for one reason or another near the end. Ho hum!)

  • 23 Warren Notreally Buffett June 27, 2017, 12:01 pm

    > Warren Buffet’s aphorism

    Two Ts in Buffett; again.

  • 24 The Rhino June 27, 2017, 12:09 pm

    yes really critical to understand whats changed on the broker table – thats where a note in the comments would be invaluable. I think you did do that a few times, but maybe not every time?

    some sort of interactive version of the broker table sounds difficult for sure, I can well imagine it has not been easy to push out..

  • 25 The Investor June 27, 2017, 12:13 pm

    @WNB — Thanks, fixed.

    @TheRhino — I think we normally do it? The comments were playing up for a bit, which maybe muddied the waters. If there’s a lot of changes it’s not perhaps not super feasible from a time perspective, it already takes @TA pretty much a weekend to check every platform etc and fiddle with the table layout and formatting (which is creaking and on its last legs really). Agree, a change log would be optimal. Anyway, let’s leave this discussion here please as off-topic to this post. 🙂

  • 26 hosimpson June 27, 2017, 1:50 pm

    Good to see you back, Accumulator.
    I thumbsucked in early 2016 when I should have bought the dip.
    What’s worse, I hate selling investments, even if they are funds, so I wait till I have new money to rebalance. Even if it means deviating from my chosen asset allocation in the interim.

  • 27 Bellabeck June 27, 2017, 1:54 pm

    Always worth re-reading the articles that explain why passive is the best option for majority of private investors. Would dearly love to see more articles on asset allocation featuring some model portfolios, and including alternatives (via ETFs and/or ITs). My preference is core (Vanguard Lifestrategy funds according to individual risk profile/age etc) representing 50-60% of the portfolio, then some additional small caps, themes e.g. biotech, property ETFs and Listed Private Equity as in IPRV. but always happy to learn from those more knowledgable on investing….

  • 28 edlen June 28, 2017, 3:15 pm

    @Adam, I hold a III ISA stock and shares and have set it up to invest monthly into ACDV Vanguard 100%. I have been doing so for about a year with no problems.
    Under the factsheet it say purchase info ISA and then Yes.
    Not sure if i am perhaps reading comments wrong or misunderstanding when people say they can’t but it is definitely a stocks and shares ISA with III and it is regular investment 1.50 a go

  • 29 Rich October 13, 2026, 1:16 pm

    The current crop of AI bots find it impossible to say “no, you shouldn’t do that”. You don’t want them anywhere near your portfolio!

  • 30 Tim October 13, 2026, 1:48 pm

    Almost 10 years since the last comment before this was refreshed! wow different times same problems.

    For a while now I have been moving my allocations around as i realize i am nearing 50 and can’t stomach the idea of major drawdowns with so much exposure to AI and the US, this has morphed into some naughty active value investing, which wasnt my initial intention. So this is a timely article to get me to set some rules to move forwards with and to try and spend less time researching and worrying about investments, all this does is reduce returns and it is stressful!

  • 31 Prospector October 13, 2026, 4:59 pm

    When Vanguard first launched its platform in the UK I consolidated all my ISAs and invested mostly in the Life strategy fund. I’ve since successfully managed to avoid touching it though came close. I was thinking that corporate bond spreads are too low and could replicate the building blocks other than the corporate bond fund(s). But this seemed like a lot of work so I left it.

    I hear what you are saying about emotions getting in the way of acting rational. If I have a lump sum to invest on top of the regular monthly allocation I find it very difficult to invest at the top of the market. Fairly irrational as a similar logic applied to existing holdings would see me divesting and holding cash.

    This was a very good article to help with such moments:

    https://ofdollarsanddata.com/should-you-buy-an-all-time-high/

  • 32 Allocator3844 October 13, 2026, 5:01 pm

    on the subject of asset allocation I came to the view a few years ago that Multi Asset Funds were the way forward. I split my portfolio between VGTR 2040 (a 70/30 split) HSBC GS Balanced (60/40) and AJB ModAdv (80/20) and then for psychological reasons a Short Term Gilt covering 3 years income to be used only if necessary (following a downward correction / crash ) . All do different things, VG being over weighted UK / HSBC follows the global weighted split (I think) and AJB slightly active and with lots of EM. Rebalancing on a regular basis means no action is required by me and this is the key to this strategy.

  • 33 Quorum October 15, 2026, 7:21 am

    I have a good chunk of my SIPP in Vanguard LS 80 but haven’t added to it in the past few years.
    The over-weight in UK equities started to bother me and while it’s decreased recently, it’s still nearly 18% I think.
    The other downside is that when you want (or have) to sell, if the market is down you’re selling equities and bonds at the same time.
    No way of selling bonds when equities are doing badly and vice versa, which can be useful.
    Yes, that’s not a completely automatic strategy but still seems to be something that might be desirable.

  • 34 Alan S October 15, 2026, 8:01 am

    @Quorum (#33)
    “The other downside is that when you want (or have) to sell, if the market is down you’re selling equities and bonds at the same time.
    No way of selling bonds when equities are doing badly and vice versa, which can be useful.”

    If* you strictly rebalance a portfolio holding equities and bonds separately on a withdrawal then, mathematically, there is little difference between that and selling an already rebalanced all-in-one fund since, for example during an equity crash, the all-in-one fund has already sold bonds to rebalance into equities (so a portion of the equities you are selling were recently bonds).

    * That ‘if’ is an important condition!

  • 35 xxd09 October 15, 2026, 9:36 am

    Never in practice over many years (40+) of investing had to rebalance a set asset allocation as standalone one off procedure
    While accumulating added monies in a format so as to maintain required asset allocation
    In withdrawal same procedure acted in reverse ie withdrawn monies in a format so as to maintain required asset allocation
    My simple 3 index fund only portfolio makes this investment behaviour/plan more possible?
    xxd09

  • 36 FrequentFlyer October 17, 2026, 9:48 am

    8 years of monthly funding into LS80 replaced FCIT as my core non-ISA/SIPP holding many years ago but as it was outside one of these wrappers, I grew tired of the CGT bed and breakfasting (increasingly ineffective as the holding grew whilst the allowance dropped to £3k/yr) and chunky dividend tax bills that had developed as it grew. Great product and if you want 70/30 then split equally between LS80 and LS60.

    What was in LS80 is now mostly in a low coupon index linked gilt ladder to provide low tax and low risk funds if the latest equity run turns out to be a bubble and/or inflation hits due to weak governments. I suppose this makes me an active investor/market timer but in reality I am preparing for decumulation.

    I am not bailing on LS80, however, and am progressively feeding the remainder of it into my ISA each year. Smartest thing I ever did was setting up a regular contribution and not touching it (especially during Covid and the Ukraine crisis).

  • 37 Hariseldon October 18, 2026, 10:30 am

    Life Strategy is inherently more attractive than say 6 to 10 years ago , I liked short duration then and intermediate ( sort of now).

    LS only likes hedged /sterling bonds.

    My personal thoughts are to stick mainly with individual nominal and inflation linked gilts. ( avoid corporate bonds on the basis I want low credit risk if the merde hits the fan)

    I know the outcome of the individual gilts. On the basis of problems with gilts, a chunk of unhedged TIPs

    Equities primarily All Cap, All World Index

    A little cheeky individual index ETFs for some diversification, enough to feel I’m doing something and not enough to do any harm to the steady as she goes passive “I know nothing useful that no one else knows …” approach.

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