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Buy on credit and you’ll pay for it twice

Imagine you need a bed for your new home. Fair enough, you can’t sleep on the floor. Let’s see how deciding to buy on credit makes it twice as expensive.

First you go to IKEA a low cost retailer to buy a cheap, functional bed to spend the least productive part of the day.

Actually, it’s not your first visit to this store – you’ve a new pad to furnish, after all – and a few months ago you took out its store card.

With this you got 5% off your first purchase on the card, plus a free chopping board for your kitchen.

You can’t remember exactly what you used the 5% rebate for, but now you’re here you might as well use the store card to buy the bed, right?

You spend £350 on a keenly-priced bed and mattress. On your long trip from the bed department to the tills you also spend £200 on things you don’t need:

  • Three picture frames
  • A foot stool
  • A new bathroom mirror
  • An ice-cream making machine
  • A set of solar-powered garden lights

Amazing the crap you suddenly want when you’re out shopping, eh?

Your debt starts to grow

Time passes and soon the bill comes. There’s a bit of interest to pay, but you only have to repay a minimum of 2.5% a month.

It doesn’t sound like much and you’re tight on cash – you’re refurbishing a new house, after all!

In fact, you only pay the minimum amount off every month. Why rush, when money is tight and the repayments are so affordable?

If someone actually asked you what the interest rate on your card was you couldn’t say. If you looked in the small print you’d find it’s 19%.

That’s about average for a major name High Street store card, where interest rates typically range between 15-30%.

Here’s what your decision to buy on credit costs you

Initial purchases

  • Bed: £350
  • Sundry other items: £200
  • Total spent on card: £550

Debt terms

  • Interest rate: 19% a year
  • Minimum payment: 2.5% per month

The ultimate bill

  • Total time to repay debt: 99 months
  • Total interest paid: £497.76
  • Final amount paid over 99 months: £1,048

Ouch! By paying off just the minimum amount each month, it takes you over eight years to repay the debt.

And just look at the interest bill – it’s virtually doubled the cost of your shopping trip!

Read it again: You pay twice as much as your bed and other stuff actually cost, and you’re still paying the debt off nearly a decade later.

It’s easy to see from this example how people who don’t pay attention can turn a few years of sloppy shopping into a serious debt problem, especially if they only repay the minimum amount each month (which barely covers the interest bill in the early years).

I’d avoid even £550 of shopping debt like the plague, but it’s small beer these days – the average young person in trouble who called the Consumer Credit Counselling Service in 2006 owed over £12,000. Two out of every 100 callers owed over £100,000!

If you owe less than them, these numbers should be motivation to get your debt down to £0. They are not an excuse to go higher – not if you want to get rich.

Most people in deep financial trouble began with a few hundred quid borrowed here and there. It adds up. Kill your debt!

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The only good debt is dead debt

The only good debt is debt you take on for investment. Unless you run your own business, that begins and ends with an affordable mortgage to buy property.

Get out of debt of any other kind, as soon as you can. Pay it off! Kill it dead!

  • Borrowing to invest in shares is too risky. The market goes up over the long-term, but shares are volatile, and stocks could easily go down over the 3-5 year time period of a personal loan, forcing you to sell at a loss.
  • Very occasionally debt might be acceptable if you need to buy something to earn more money, and you really can’t save it up. For instance, you may need specific training to upgrade your job, or buying an ice cream van could whip up a fortune. (Don’t laugh, it worked for Duncan Bannatyne.)

You’ll have to use your judgment here. Buying a sports car with debt to impress your boss doesn’t count!

Why is mortgage debt okay?

The reason that that mortgage debt is good debt is that over the long term house prices tend to rise.

Over any ten year period houses have at least kept their value. A mortgage is for 25 years or so, over which time house prices might double or triple.

When you buy a house with a mortgage, you benefit in three main ways.

Utility

You have somewhere to live, that you are in control of.

Rising value

House price inflation combats the pernicious effect of compound interest on your debt. If house prices are rising 5% a year and your mortgage rate is 5%, your asset is rising as fast in value as your debt is growing.

Future asset

When you buy a house with a mortgage, you end up with a future asset that you own – for most people their biggest asset of all. In contrast, when you rent, buy a hamburger, or go on holiday to the Maldives, you’re just consuming; you’ll get no future financial value out of it. (Possible exception – borrowing to pay for study).

A mortgage is a dead debt, by the way…

Perhaps you think though my headline is misleading. Didn’t I say the only good debt was dead debt?

I did, but that’s because I happen to have learned along the way what the word mortgage means.

It turns out it comes from two parts:

  • The French word mort which means dead.
  • The Old English word gage, which means pledge.

So mortgage means ‘dead pledge’. Close enough!

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Why you must get out and stay out of debt

Your debt makes other people rich. You’re borrowing from your future self, who will be poorer, less secure, or lead a less abundant life because you wanted something now, before you could afford it.

You must get out of debt. You can’t save while you’re in debt, and it grows like a weed. Kill it!

Avoid debt like the plague

The only good debt is debt taken on for investment. In personal finance terms, that means an affordable mortgage to buy property for the long-term.

We all know what bad debt looks like:

  • Excess clothes piled up on store cards.
  • A loan taken out to fund a holiday.
  • Flashing the plastic to keep up with your mates.
  • The last week of every month’s expenses being put on a credit card and never actually paid off.
  • Sundry pointless items bought on the ‘never never’ as our grandparents wisely called what we call credit.

Bad debt – non-mortgage debt – will make you poor if you’re not doing very well already, and it will stop you becoming rich if you are.

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Taking stock: Your Statement of Affairs

To get the most from your money in the long-term, you need to know what you own, what you owe, how much you bring in every month from your earnings, savings and investments, how much goes out again, and thus whether you’re living beyond your means.

Completing this personal reckoning is step two of my rather dramatically entitled 10 eternally true steps to financial freedom.

If we don’t take stock, we’re liable to do silly things like:

  • Saving into a bank account earning interest at 5% while simultaneously accruing interest on a storecard debt at 26%.
  • Working overtime, then buying takeaway food and late night drinks as a reward and so, post-tax, negating the overtime we’ve earned.
  • Devoting evenings and weekends to our investments, to the detriment of the job or second income stream that’s actually bringing in the loot.
  • Spending hours looking for the cheapest books or CDs online, while paying thousands extra a year on an expensive mortgage that’s moved onto the lender’s standard variable rate.
  • Talking celebrity gossip at parties, when we could be enthusing to a cute stranger about how we’ve reduced our grocery bill down to £30 a week.

Okay, maybe that last one is an acquired taste.

How to take stock of your finances

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